Topic collection
Anti-aging and longevity peptides
A lab or cell finding may be worth studying. It does not prove longer life, healthier aging, or disease prevention in people.
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Separate cell, mitochondrial, telomere, and body-measurement research from evidence that people live longer or stay healthier.
Peptide records
Open each record to see its evidence.
Health results for approved uses
Approved products have evidence from studies in people that measured health results for specific uses. This does not show that every product, person, or use has the same result.EstablishedAn official agency review or strong, repeated studies in people support one clear use. That evidence applies only to the product, people, and use in the reviewed sources. It does not mean the product is safe or effective for everyone.SS-31
SS-31 is elamipretide. FDA approved Forzinity for one narrow use, not for anti-aging.
6 fact checks · Open the review ↗Cell, animal, or product tests
The research used cells, animals, or product-form tests. It does not establish benefit or safety in people.InsufficientReliable studies in people are missing, too limited, or do not support the claim. This does not prove that the substance has no effect on the body.MOTS-c
A peptide first studied in cells and animals. It has no established outcomes from giving a MOTS-c drug product to people or adequate clinical safety record.
3 fact checks · Open the review ↗Cell, animal, or product tests
The research used cells, animals, or product-form tests. It does not establish benefit or safety in people.InsufficientReliable studies in people are missing, too limited, or do not support the claim. This does not prove that the substance has no effect on the body.Epitalon
A four-amino-acid peptide promoted for sleep and longevity. Its evidence has identity-transfer problems and no established insomnia or lifespan outcome evidence.
3 fact checks · Open the review ↗Cell, animal, or product tests
The research used cells, animals, or product-form tests. It does not establish benefit or safety in people.InsufficientReliable studies in people are missing, too limited, or do not support the claim. This does not prove that the substance has no effect on the body.P21 peptide
P21 peptide is also called P021 or P-21. Its benefits and safety in people are not known.
6 fact checks · Open the review ↗
More about this topic
P21, MOTS-c, and epitalon are graded Insufficient. Their cell or animal findings do not prove a health benefit in people. SS-31 (elamipretide) has one FDA-approved product, Forzinity, for a narrow Barth syndrome use. That approval does not cover other products or uses.
Claims about these molecules often move from brain-cell, mitochondrial, or telomere findings to claims about aging. Early findings and one narrow approval do not prove longer life or healthier aging. Each page shows what researchers studied and what remains unknown.
Questions to ask about this topic
- 01
Was the evidence generated in a dish, an animal, or a person?
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Did the study test the same substance and product that is being sold?
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Did the study measure whether people lived longer or stayed healthier?
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What remains unknown about safety, quality, or personal use?